馬醉木

杜鵑花科

學名:Pieris japonica (Thunb.) D. Don ex G. Don

英名:Pieris、Japanese Andromeda

別名:梫木

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特色簡介 Feature Description

臺北典藏植物園中最受矚目的明星植物之一,因為植物體內蘊含毒素,連高大的馬匹誤食葉子都會呈現酣醉的模樣,因此而得名。古人會採集葉片泡水,製作簡單的農藥用來防治蟲害。春季開花時,白或淺粉色朵懸垂有如成串小鈴鐺,形狀非常可愛。春夏之交長出的紅色新葉也相當美觀,在溫帶地區或臺灣北部與中海拔山區,作為景觀植物栽培。

Pieris is one of the most eye-catching plants in the Taipei Collectible Botanical Garden. The plant contains toxin, even tall horses will get drunk if they accidentally eat the leaves, hence the Chinese name. The ancients collected the leaves, soaked them in water to make simple pesticides to repel insects. When blooming in spring, the white or light pink flowers droop like strings of small bells, very adorable. New red leaves emerging at the turn of spring and summer are also highly ornamental. They can be cultivated as landscape plants in temperate regions or northern and mid-altitude mountainous areas of Taiwan.

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簡介 Description

馬醉木屬的常綠灌木或小喬木,原產日本、臺灣及中國華東各省。革質橢圓披針形葉互生,常密生於枝端。總狀花序或圓錐花序,頂生或腋生;壺型花下垂,花白或淺粉紅。蒴果扁球形。開花期春季。

An evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Pieris, native to Japan, Taiwan and East China. Leathery leaves lanceolate, alternate, often densely borne on the branch tips. Racemes or panicles, terminal or axillary; pot-shaped flowers drooping, white or pale pink. Capsule oblate. Flowering in spring.

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栽培 Cultivation

全日照或半日照環境。避免種植於烈日曝曬的高溫處;夏季高溫期要注意適時澆水。春、秋季各施用一次長效性肥料,開花後可修剪殘花以避免結果耗損養分。繁殖使用扦插或空中壓條法。

It prefers full sun or partial sun environment. Avoid growing the plant in the locations with direct sun light; water in a timely manner in the summer heat. Apply Long-active fertilizer once in spring and autumn, and cut off residual flowers to avoid loss of nutrients. Propagated by cuttings or aerial layering.

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應用 Application

植株有毒,少有病害,生長強健且花朵與新葉美觀。因為枝葉繁密且萌芽力強,多種植成綠籬或是修剪成整形灌叢。葉片自古就被當作農藥使用,可殺蚜蟲、紅蜘蛛等小型害蟲。

The hardy plant is poisonous, less susceptible to diseases and valued for the lovely flowers and new leaves. Thanks to the dense crown and high germination rate, this plant is often used as hedges or trimmed into topiary shrubs. The blades had been used as pesticides since ancient times to kill small pests such as aphids and red spiders.